Bible and Civil Government
In January through April of 2012 I led a Bible Study on the Bible and Civil Government. It lasted 13 weeks. These lessons are being posted on a website: https://bibleandcivilgovernment.com.
The Lessons are a bit long for people to read on facebook, so the lessons are being posted on facebook in shorter pieces.
Did the apostles contradict their own words? (Question 2)
How Tradition Says the Apostles Died
http://poptop.hypermart.net/howdied.html
As someone has correctly pointed out, hypocrites and martyrs are not made of the same stuff. Men may willingly die for what they believe to be true...even at times if what they believe is actually false. But no one will die willingly for something they know to be a lie!! Judas Iscariot, betrayer of Jesus, committed suicide. Only John, of the other 13 Apostles, died a natural manner of death (John did not die by homicide, a martyr).
Apostle |
Where died |
When died | Manner of Death |
Peter (Simon Peter), |
Rome, Italy (Nero) |
54-68AD |
Homicide: crucified head down, at his own request |
Andrew, son of a John & brother of Peter (Matthew 4:18) | Edessa, Greece | ?AD | Homicide: severely scourged & tied by ropes on x-shaped cross where he hung 2 days to expire |
James, son of Zebedee & Salome and elder brother of John (not brother of Jesus) the Bible writer |
Jerusalem, Israel (Herod) |
44 AD (the 1st martyred) |
Homicide: beheaded with sword; Mark 10:39 & Acts 12:1-2 |
John, son of Zebedee and brother of James; Bible writer (John & Revelation) |
Ephesus, Turkey or Turkish Isle of Patmos |
98 AD |
thrown in boiling oil but unharmed; died of Natural causes & buried near Ephesus about 100AD |
Philip of Bethsaida | Hieropolis, Syria | Homicide: crucified | |
Bartholomew (Nathaniel) |
India or Armenia |
Homicide: beaten/flayed, and crucified head down |
|
Thomas (Didymus) | Edessa, Greece |
Homicide: lanced by idolatrous priests & burned up in an oven |
|
Matthew (Levi), of Capernaum the Bible writer |
Nadabah, Ethiopia | about 60AD | Homicide: axed to death with a halberd |
James (son of Alphaeus); Bible writer (? half brother of Jesus?) |
Jerusalem, Israel | AD66 | Homicide: thrown down from the Temple tower & not dead so clubbed to death with a fullers club at age 94 |
Jude (Thaddaeus...Judas Lebbaeus) | Edessa, Greece | AD72 | Homicide: crucified |
Simon the Zealot (the Canaanite) | Brittainnia, Europe | Homicide: crucified | |
Judas Iscariot | Jerusalem, Israel | > | Suicide: by hanging Matt. 27:5 |
Matthias (the 11 remaining Apostles chose him to replace Judas) | Jerusalem, Israel | Homicide: stoned and beheaded | |
Paul (chosen by the resurrected Jesus on the road to Damascus) | Rome, Italy | 66 AD | Homicide: beheaded |
Except as noted the manner of death of the Apostles is not in the Scripture, but the overwhelming historical evidence is that the Apostles died in disobedience to the existing civil government or higher powers in place in their society.
Prison Epistles: Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, and Philemon
Some have argued that the Epistles in the New Testament (such as Romans) were written prior to the beginning of Christian persecution and thus did not consider persecution by the government. This argument has been used by Christian skeptics in an effort to weaken the importance of the Bible (and thusly God's Word) by trying to demonstrate that it quickly became outdated.
But this is contrary to the Scripture and not true. For example the forthcoming persecution was referenced in Romans, Romans 8:35-36 the very letter to the church in Rome that contains Romans 13:1-7. The letters to the church in Corinth, written before Romans also demonstrate that the Apostle Paul understood that he and others would face persecution.
Verse |
King James Version |
35 |
Who shall separate us from the love of Christ? shall tribulation, or distress, or persecution, or famine, or nakedness, or peril, or sword? |
36 |
As it is written, For thy sake we are killed all the day long; we are accounted as sheep for the slaughter. |
As we all know Jesus was persecuted, in fact Our Lord and Savior was crucified.
It is very doubtful that God inspired the Apostles Paul and Peter to teach unconditional obedience to ALL civil government. It is even more doubtful that God inspired Paul and Peter to write that disobedience to civil government in all cases is disobedience to God. Almost all of the Disciples, including Paul, did not hesitate to disobey their civil government and the civil authorities above them when the law required something contrary to God's Word or even stood in the way of their teaching the Gospel of Jesus Christ.
Conclusion: Any interpretation of Romans 13:1-7 that includes a statement that Christians are to obey civil government in all things is incorrect. A better understanding is needed.
Next: Part - 10 Does God's Word command us to obedience in all cases?
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